Connectivity and Network Constraints While OTA provides numerous benefits, it is not without its challenges. A major hurdle is the dependency on network connectivity. In remote areas, where connectivity may be sparse, delivering OTA updates becomes a logistical challenge. Energy providers must invest in robust communication infrastructures to ensure that updates can be pushed to all devices, regardless of location. This challenge necessitates innovative solutions in both hardware and software design, ensuring that smart energy devices can operate effectively even in low-bandwidth conditions.