Oxycodone is a prescription opioid analgesic that may be used when significant pain requires opioid treatment. It acts on specific receptors in the central nervous system to reduce the perception of pain. Because oxycodone can affect alertness, breathing, and gastrointestinal function, treatment requires appropriate prescribing and monitoring. Common adverse effects include sleepiness, dizziness, nausea, and constipation. Serious risks include respiratory depression, overdose, and the development of physical dependence or opioid use disorder.